Cutter-head fob



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LEWIS M. BERRY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

CUTTER-HEAD FOR PLANING-MACHINES.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 15,865, dated July 22,' 1856.

To aZZ whom Zt may concern Be it known that I, LEwIs M. BERRY, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Cutter-Heads for Machines for Cutting Irregular and other Forms; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, said drawing forming a part of this specification,'and in which- Figure l, is an elevation of a cutter head to which my improvement is applied. Fig. 2, is a plan of the same. Fig. 3 is a section at line it, :fi-t, and plan of parts below. Fig. 4, is a section at line 00 m.

Like letters indicate the same part in all the figures.

The head here represented is such as is used in Nathl. Gears machines with the exception of the addition of my improvement.

(a) is the arbor;l (o), the collar which supports the lower end of the cutter; (c) and (CZ), the cutters; (e) the loose collar iitted to (g) and holding the upper end of the cutters, and (f) is the nut screwed to the upper end of the part The ends of the cutters are held in the grooves at ce c) c) ce.

Now without my 1mprovement,.there being a strong tendency whenever any considerable depth of cut is taken for the cutters to draw the stui being worked toward the axis of the head, there is great danger from the liability of the stuff being loosened from the pattern which guides it and from other similar causes of its being thus drawn inward and the cutters thereby suddenly taking a deeper hold spoiling the article being cut and throwing it with great violence (these machines usually being run 3000 to 4000 revolutions and upward per minute), thus endangering the limbs and lives even of the operator and others in the vicinity. A large number of serious accidents of this nature and of cutting or rather tearing the hands and arms of operatives might be cited in evidence of the danger of operating the machines.

My improvement although it might not en tirely prevent an operative from cutting his hands with the machine yet entirely counter acts the tendency to draw the hands or stuff inward to cut and tear them.

My improvement consists in the application of the part (Z) and (m) in such a manner that they may be easily adjusted so as to vary the proportions of the throats or openings between these pieces and the knives while these pieces (Z) and (m) are at the same time kept concentric in their relation to the aXis of the head. To accomplish this the collars (c) and (Z9) are pro vided with grooves similar to those in which the cutters are held but of an annular form concentric with the aXis of the head, and the ends of these pieces (Z) and are provided with ends corresponding in shape to these grooves, their faces being turned to correspond to the shape of moldings designed to be cut. In the drawing they are straight as they are applied to a plane cutter head. These pieces are to be itted of the same length as the cutters so that when the nut is screwed down upon ther colllar (e) these pieces (Z) and are held, together with, and in a manner similar, to the cutters, so that whatever tendency there may be for the stui to be drawn in by the cutters that tendency is counteracted by the contact of the stuff with the lpieces (Z) and (m), and these pieces being adjustable the space between them and the knives may be made large or small according Vto the light or heavy cut which it may be desirable to take.

I am aware that in the common hand plane and in the spoke shave and similar tools that part of the stock immediately forward of the cutter serves in some respects a similar purpose, such therefore I do not claim, but

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- The application and use of the pieces (Z) and substantially in the manner and for the purposes set forth.

Y LEWIS M. BERRY.

Witnesses:

SAML. L. I-IAYS,

JOHN T. WILLMARTH. 

